الملخص

The results of this study showed that the age between 20-35 years was the most common age for both the qat-chewing and non-qat chewing groups during pregnancy (64%), and most of the participants in both groups (55%) lived in the urban setting with no statistical differences. Women who had completed university education represented the largest percentage in both groups (45%), and most of the women were housewives (76%). The majority of the study group (82%) chewed Qat for 2-4 hours per day, while 16% chewed it for more than 5 hours per. Weekly sessions ranged from 2-4 for 40% of the women, while daily sessions were observed for 52% of the qat-chewing group. There are 28% of both groups smoked shisha, 16% used Mada’a, and only two women smoked cigarettes. Most women in both groups (70%) were multiparas. There were 59% of both groups visited antenatal care clinics. Common comorbidities included diabetes (7%), hypertension (7%), bronchial asthma (3%), and preeclampsia (2%). The most common gestational age at delivery was between 38-40 weeks (77%). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.31) in relation to preterm births. Vaginal delivery was happened for 62% of the participants in both groups and 38% of births being by cesarean section (P 0.26). The relationship between birth weight and Qat chewing was statistically significant; birth weights were lower in the Qat-chewers group compared to the non-chewers group (P 0.03).